Now, the Supreme Principle is wordless; it is necessary to borrow words to reveal the Principle. The Great Way is signless; in order to connect with beings, form is displayed. Now, let us tentatively establish two persons to discuss the treatise on No-mind together.
The disciple asks the teacher: "Is there a mind or is there no mind?"
Answer: "No-mind."
Question: "Since you say there is no mind, who can perform seeing, hearing, sensing, and knowing? Who knows there is no mind?"
Answer: "It is still No-mind that performs seeing, hearing, sensing, and knowing. It is still No-mind that is able to know No-mind."
Question: "Since it is No-mind, it should define the absence of seeing, hearing, sensing, and knowing. How can there be seeing, hearing, sensing, and knowing?"
Answer: "Though I am without mind, I am able to see, able to hear, able to sense, and able to know."
Question: "Since you are able to see, hear, sense, and know, that is precisely having a mind. How can you call it 'No-mind'?"
Answer: "Simply that seeing, hearing, sensing, and knowing is precisely No-mind. Where else, apart from seeing, hearing, sensing, and knowing, is there a separate No-mind? I now fear you do not understand, so I will explain it for you one by one, to enable you to realize the True Principle. If there is seeing, though one sees all day long, because it constitutes non-seeing, seeing is also No-mind. If there is hearing, though one hears all day long, because it constitutes non-hearing, hearing is also No-mind. If there is sensing, though one senses all day long, because it constitutes non-sensing, sensing is also No-mind. If there is knowing, though one knows all day long, because it constitutes non-knowing, knowing is also No-mind. Though one acts all day long, acting is also non-acting; acting is also No-mind. Therefore, it is said seeing, hearing, sensing, and knowing are always No-mind."
Question: "How can one know that it is No-mind?"
Answer: "You need only investigate carefully: what appearance does the mind make? Is that mind obtainable? Is it mind or is it not mind? Is it located inside, located outside, or located in between? If one investigates in these three locations, searching for the mind, it is completely unobtainable; even searching in all places, it is unobtainable. You should know this is precisely No-mind."
Question: "Since the teacher says that in all places there is always No-mind, it should define the absence of transgression and merit. Why do sentient beings undergo samsara in the six realms continuously without interruption?"
Answer: "Sentient beings are confused and deluded; right within No-mind, they delusively give rise to a mind. They create various kinds of karma and delusively grasp at it as existing; this is sufficient to cause them to cycle through the six realms, with birth and death uninterrupted. It is like a person in the dark seeing a tree stump as a ghost, or seeing a rope as a snake, and then giving rise to terror. The delusive grasping of sentient beings is also just like this. Within No-mind, they delusively grasp at having a mind and create various kinds of karma, yet in reality, there is no cycling through the six realms. Such sentient beings, if they meet a great spiritual friend who teaches them to sit in meditation and awaken to No-mind, then all karmic obscurations are entirely extinguished, and birth and death are immediately severed. It is like in the darkness: as soon as the sunlight shines, the darkness is entirely gone. If one awakens to No-mind, the extinguishment of all transgressions is also just like this."
Question: "This disciple is dull-witted and my mind is still not clear. Examining all places, should the function of the six sense faculties be responsive?"
Answer: "[Regarding] speech and various activities, afflictions and Bodhi, birth-and-death and Nirvana—is it definitely No-mind or not? It is definitely No-mind. It is only because sentient beings delusively grasp at having a mind that there are all afflictions, birth-and-death, Bodhi, and Nirvana. If one awakens to No-mind, then there are no afflictions, birth-and-death, or Nirvana whatsoever. Therefore, for those with a mind, the Tathāgata speaks of having birth and death; Bodhi is named in opposition to afflictions, and Nirvana is named in opposition to birth and death. These are all methods of counteraction. If there is no mind to be obtained, then afflictions and Bodhi are also unobtainable, and even birth-and-death and Nirvana are also unobtainable."
Question: "Since Bodhi and Nirvana are unobtainable, the past Buddhas all attained Bodhi; is this saying acceptable?"
Answer: "It is merely attained through the words of worldly truth; in ultimate truth, there is really nothing obtainable. Therefore, the Vimalakīrti Sūtra says: 'Bodhi cannot be attained by the body, nor can it be attained by the mind.' Furthermore, the Diamond Sūtra says: 'There is not the slightest dharma obtainable.' The Buddhas and Tathāgatas simply attained through the unobtainable. You should know: if there is mind, then everything exists; if there is No-mind, everything is absent."
Question: "Since the teacher says that in all places, it is entirely No-mind, wood and stone also have no mind; surely this is not the same as wood and stone?"
Answer: "Though I am without mind, my mind is not the same as wood and stone. Why is this? It is like the Heavenly Drum; although it is without a mind, it naturally produces various marvelous Dharmas to teach and transform sentient beings. Also, like the Wish-fulfilling Gem (Cintāmaṇi); although it is without a mind, it is naturally able to produce various transformational displays. My No-mind is also just like this. Although completely without mind, it is perfectly able to awaken to and understand the true characteristics of all dharmas, is endowed with true prajñā [wisdom], possesses the mastery of the Three Bodies, and its responsive application is unhindered. Therefore, the Ratnakūṭa Sūtra says: 'To manifest activity with no mind and no intention.' How could this be the same as wood and stone? Now, 'No-mind' is precisely the True Mind, and the True Mind is precisely No-mind."
Question: "Now, within this mind, how does one engage in practice?"
Answer: "Simply awaken to and understand in all matters that No-mind is precisely practice; there is no other separate practice. Therefore, know that No-mind is everything. Quiescent extinction is precisely No-mind."
The disciple thereupon suddenly experienced a Great Awakening. He began to know that outside of mind there are no things, and outside of things there is no mind; in all behavior and action, he attained mastery. He cut through the nets of doubt, and there were no further hindrances. He immediately rose to pay homage and inscribed [the meaning of] No-mind. Thus he made a verse, saying:
The Spirit of Mind tends toward quiescence, Without color, without form. Looking at it, one does not see; Listening to it, there is no sound. Seemingly dark, yet not dark; Like brightness, yet not bright. Discarding it, it is not extinguished; Taking it up, it is unborn. In its greatness, it encompasses the Dharma-realm; In its smallness, it enters a hair-tip without stopping. Afflictions mix with it but do not muddy it; Nirvana clarifies it but it does not become clear. True Thusness fundamentally has no discrimination, Yet is able to distinguish between the sentient and insentient. Withdrawing it, nothing is established; Dispersing it, it pervades all possessing spirit. The Marvelous Spirit is not fathomed by knowledge; Looking directly, it is cut off from practice. When extinguished, one does not see its destruction; When arising, one does not see its formation. The Great Way, quiescent, is named 'Signless'; The ten thousand images, profound and obscure, are named 'Nameless'. To operate with mastery like this Is always the essence of No-mind.
The teacher further announced: "Among all prajñās, the prajñā of No-mind is the highest. Therefore, the Vimalakīrti Sūtra says: 'With no mind, no intention, and no sensation or mental fabrication, one completely subdues the external paths.' Also, the Dharma Drum Sūtra says: 'If one knows that no mind is obtainable, then dharmas are unobtainable, transgression and merit are also unobtainable, birth-and-death and Nirvana are also unobtainable, and even everything is entirely unobtainable. Unobtainable is also unobtainable.'"
Thus he made a verse, saying: In former days when confused, taken to be 'having a mind'; At that time, after awakening, entirely 'No-mind'. Though No-mind, able to illuminate and function; Illumination and function are constantly quiescent, precisely Thusness.
Further saying: No-mind, no illumination, and also no function; No illumination and no function is precisely the Unconditioned. This is the True Dharma-realm of the Tathāgata, Not the same as Bodhisattvas or Pratyekabuddhas. The statement 'No-mind' implies the absence of a mind with delusory appearances."
Question: "What is named 'Supreme' (Taishang)?"
Answer: "'Tai' means great; 'Shang' means high. Because it exhausts the marvelous Principle of the highest height, it is called 'Supreme' (Taishang). Furthermore, 'Tai' signifies a position of pervasive peace.
Although the heavens of the Three Realms possess the longevity of the Yankang kalpa, their fortune ends, and thus they eventually cycle through the Six Realms; this is not sufficient to be considered 'Tai'.
Although the Bodhisattvas of the Ten Abodes have exited birth and death, the marvelous Principle is not yet ultimate; this is also not considered 'Tai'.
In the mind-practice of the Ten Abodes, regarding existence as delusory, one enters non-existence; further, one negates that non-existence, so that [the duality of] existence [and non-existence] is explicitly dispatched. However, if one does not forget the Middle Way, this is also not considered 'Tai'.
If one further forgets the Middle Way, and the three locations [inside, outside, and in between] are all exhausted, the position is entirely Marvelous Awakening. Although the Bodhisattva dispatches the three locations, if he cannot be without that 'Marvelousness', it is also not considered 'Tai'.
If one further forgets that 'Marvelousness', then the Buddha Way reaches the ultimate, and there is nothing remaining. With no remaining thought, there is no thinking or anxiety; both the delusory mind and wisdom eternally rest; awakening and illumination are both exhausted; it is quiescent and Unconditioned. This is named 'Tai'.
'Tai' has the meaning of the ultimate Principle; 'Shang' means unequalled. Therefore, it is called 'Supreme'. It is precisely another name for the Buddha Tathāgata."
End of the Treatise on No-Mind by the Great Master Bodhidharma.